Positive Involvement:

Presence/

Absence

Teaching

Monitoring

Thought Processes

Errands

Caregiving

Child Maint.

Shared Interests

Availability

Planning

Shared Act.

Providing

Affection

Protection

Emotional Supp.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

X

-

-

-

-

X

X

X

-

X

-

-

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

X

X

X

-

X

-

-

X

-

X

X

X

-

X

X

X

-

-

X

-

-

X

-

-

-

X

-

X

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

X

-

X

X

X

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

X

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

X

-

-

X

-

-

X

-

-

-

X

-

-

X

X

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

X

-

X

-

X

X

X

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

X

X

X

-

X

Process

Conflict

Harsh Punishment

Abuse

Non-payment

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

X

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

Distance father lives from mother

Father alive

Year by year history (birth - age 18) of living with biological father/adoptive father

Child see father(-figure) daily (children under 5 years)

Child see and spend time with father (-figure); how often (children 6 years and older)

How often discuss with child: school activities; things child studies; child's experiences

In past week, how many time have you: grounded child; taken away TV or other privileges; taken away allowance; sent child to room

Agreement with attitudes about mother's/father's role in child rearing (e.g. essential that father spend time interacting and playing with children, mothers are naturally more sensitive caregivers than fathers are)

When did respondent take parenting classes

Degree of conflict between parents on child related issues (how child raised; spending money on children; time spent with children)

Question asking how involved the respondent's biological or adoptive father was in raising you: have another father figure; how much influence your father's involvement had on you in raising your children

Agreement with attitudes on 21 items regarding husband's/wive's role in family (e.g. impacts on children if mothers work, daycare for children)

Parent rating of most important things child needs to learn to prepare child for life

Are there many rules; are they strictly enforced

Set of nine questions with the following form: How often do you (set limits on child's time watching TV; set limits on what is watched; limit snacks; discuss rules with children)

How often know who child is with when child not home

How many of child's close friends do you know by sight and by first and last name

In past year has father outside household taken child on vacation

In 1995, how many days child spend with you (father outside of household)

Participation in school activities (11 items), e.g. conference with teacher observed child's classroom, attend PTA-type meetings

4 items regarding participation in child's schooling/program enrollment (e.g., obtain information about teacher, meet with teacher)

Set of 9 questions regarding which parent is responsible for planning the child-related task (e.g., bathing child, buying clothes, selecting a pediatrician)

How often done the following (13 items) with child (e.g., wash or folded clothes, gone to store, worked or homework)

How often in past month have you: spent time in one of child's favorite activities; joked or played with child; talked about something child interested in

How often father outside household spend time with child in leisure activities; religious activities; talking, working on project, playing; school or other organized activities

In past month, how often have you hugged or shown physical affection; told child you loved him/her; told child appreciated something he/she did

Rate child's relationship with you

Child does what parent tells her

Attitude toward spanking if child seriously misbehaving

At what age start spanking; how many time spank child in past week

Different surveys used for primary caregiver (generally the mother), partner of the primary caregiver, and for fathers who live outside the target child's household. Most questions regarding father involvement repeated on all surveys.

Children not living with respondent; distance lives from respondent

Wished did not live with children; can handle living apart from children

Closeness to child from previous marriage; closeness of spouse's child from previous marriage

Satisfaction with children

Quality of relation with children

Attitude toward children leaving home; attitude toward children returning home

How much problem are stepchildren

Any children give more than usual problems

3 waves

Distance father lives from child

Father still living

Time with child having private talks

Allows child to set rules

Expectations of children regarding spending money

Know where child is when away from home

Restrict amount of TV; types of programs

Remind child to do chores

How important for child to follow family rules; to always do what respondent asks

Time spent at PTA/other school activities

Some questions on visitation agreement

Questions about time spent: at religious youth groups; at team sports/youth athletic clubs; at community youth groups

e.g., time spent with child on outing away from home; playing together at home; with reading or homework; eating breakfast with child; eating lunch with child

How often respondent hugs/cuddles child

Rate relationship with each child (very poor--excellent)

How much influence respondent has on child

Number of days had good time with child

How handled disagreement: keep opinions to self; discuss calmly; shout; hit/throw things

How many arguments led to: becoming physical; respondent or child hitting/shoving/throwing things; respondent or child getting cut/bruised/injured

Series of 10 questions about how many times in last year respondent argued or disagreed with child on variety of items, e.g., with how she/he dresses; about her/his friends; about her/his sexual behavior

Biological father dead or living elsewhere

When child bad, dad: makes fun of child; yells at child; acts if no love ^C

When child bad: dad talks to child; sends to room; takes away privileges ^C

Father is firm ^C

Father gives clear and consistent rules ^C

Father wants to know what child is doing ^C

Questions asked to parent about who makes decisions about child's clothes; how child spends money; friends; how late child can stay out; how much allowance child gets; how much TV child can watch; child's religious training

Amount of affection from dad ^C

How close feel to your father; to your stepfather ^C

Rate father/youth relationship ^P

Want to be like father as adult ^C

Father loves child/ interested in child ^C

Father encourages to do best ^C

Father appreciates child's accomplishments ^C

Parent respondent: 1366=mom/mom substitute, 57=dad/dad substitute

Marry baby's father

Why some/no chance to marry baby's father in future

Does father of child currently live in household

Does father spend time with child; number of hours father (step) spent weekly; respondent feel father (step) spends enough time with child; why father finds difficult to spend enough time; children spend time with father in past year; frequency children/father spend time together

Has child ever lived with biological dad for at least 4 months; month/year last lived with biological father; duration since child last lived with biological father

Following questions related to father's communication on sexual behavior/premarital sex:

Evaluate sex education from your father; father feel acceptable--fondle breasts; father feel acceptable--fondle genitals; father feel acceptable--sexual intercourse; source moral attitude (sex); source knowledge sex physiology; source information about sex mechanics; contraceptive knowledge; how father feel if you live with someone unmarried; how father think if you are unwed and pregnant; how father think if you impregnated a girl

Influence father have on your decision

How often father display affection toward you

2 cohorts: Sophomore, Senior

8th grade cohort

This same set of questions are then asked with respect to how child deals with respondent.

e.g. When disagreement, parent ever: discuss issue calmly; stomped out of room; beat up child

This same set of questions are then asked with respect to how child deals with respondent

Also asks if respondent's father used physical punishment; number of times used

This same set of question asked with respect to how child deals with respondent.

1 referent child

Similar survey in 1975 and 1985

How easy to chat with child

Child easier to raise after divorce

Keep track of where child is

Regular times for bed/meals at dad's; consistent with demands of child

Who shops for children's everyday clothes; takes care of checkups

e.g., Number of overnights with father (last week; unscheduled; usual in two week period); amount of time spent with father in summer; amount of time child wants to spend with father

Questions related to the visitation schedule (when visitation occurs; father want to change schedule; child want to change schedule)

Factors affecting time spent with children (4 in wave 1, 6 in wave 2, 8 in wave 3), e.g., new relationship; new residence; dad lives too far away; no regular visitation hours

How is relationship with child

Patience with child (easy--difficult)

Study of post-separation child custody arrangements in sample of 1,124 families in two California counties

Same question asked to mother and father

How much father (or male parent) makes you follow rules

Parent answered series of 15 hypothetical questions (e.g., Amount of discipline if child: did not turn in homework; got drunk; used drugs)

Parent answered whether attended PTA meeting/special school meeting in past year

Time spent with biological father (past 5 years; past year); enough time with ^C

Parent answered 4 questions, e.g., In past year worked with youth group/sports team/club

How often father miss important events/activities; how often stepfather miss important events/activities ^P

Relationship with respondent

Father special adult in life/cares about you; stepfather/foster father special adult in life/cares about you

Look up/admire/would like to be like father; look up/admire/would like to be like stepfather/foster father

Think father let you down; think stepfather/foster father let you down

Includes questions asked to parent and to child

In what year did child most recently live with biological father

Ever a period of at least 6 months when child did not live with respondent; what age was child

In past 4 weeks, have you done the following with your biological father/adoptive father/stepfather/foster father/ etc.: talked about someone you're dating, or a party you went to; had a talk about a personal problem you were having; talked about other things you're doing in school

You are satisfied with the way your father and you communicate with each other

Respondent just does not understand child

It would embarrass child to talk to respondent about sex and birth control

Respondent talked with child about having sex and: negative impact if he got someone/she got pregnant; the dangers of STDs; neg impact on social life; moral issues of not having sex

How much respondent talk to child about birth control; about sex

On a scale of 1 to 5, how disappointed would resident father be if you did not graduate from college; if you did not graduate from high school

In past week, has respondent and child talked about child's school work or grades; about other things child is doing in school

What is most important item that child could be following high school

How disappointed would respondent be if child did not graduate from college

Child and respondent make decisions about child's life together

Respondent doesn't know enough about sex and birth control to talk to child about them; it would be difficult for respondent to explain these things to child; don't need to talk about these things since child will get information elsewhere; talking about this subject would encourage child to have sex

Respondent disapproves of child having sex at this time in child's life; would not mind child having sex with a steady friend; respondent recommended a specific method of birth control to child

Set of questions regarding child's best friend: has respondent met friend; know what school friend goes to; met this friend's parents; what kind of influence is friend

Similar set of questions regarding child's special friend (girlfriend/boyfriend)

How many parents of child's friends has respondent talked to in last 4 weeks

What time does child have to go to bed on week nights

Has respondent talked with any teacher about school work this school year

How often is resident father at home: when you leave for school; when you return from school; when you go to bed

During school year, has respondent participated in school fund-raising or done volunteer for the school

Child interferes with respondent's activities

Most of the time, your father is warm and loving toward you

Overall, you are satisfied with your relationship with your father

How often do you get along well with child

Information in table based on Codebooks developed by Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, February 1997